In this presentation, we will provide an overview of the latest optical connectivity technologies—particularly VSFF (Very Small Form Factor)—that are used to build L0/L1 physical layers for cutting-edge ICT infrastructures such as AI clusters and hyperscale data centers. We will also discuss real-world examples of market adoption and implementation. This session will be valuable for those facing challenges with optical connectivity at the L0/L1 physical layer, those interested in physical layer technologies, and anyone seeking insights into the latest industry trends. We look forward to your participation.